The Swedish Sectional Timber House: A Comprehensive Guide for UK Home Buyers and Investors

Historical Context and Manufacturing Details

The Swedish Sectional Timber (SST) house, also known as the Swedish Timber house, is a unique and historically significant property type in the UK. These homes were manufactured between 1937 and 1947, a period marked by the need for rapid housing solutions due to the aftermath of World War II. The designer behind these innovative homes was C.L. Sjostrom Mardall, who aimed to create efficient, cost-effective, and durable housing.

Approximately 300 of these homes were built, primarily in semi-detached bungalows and two-storey semi-detached or terraced house configurations. These properties are often found in areas that experienced significant housing shortages during the war, such as parts of London and other major cities.

Identifying Characteristics

Recognising a Swedish Sectional Timber house involves looking for several distinctive features:

• Roof: These homes typically have a shallow pitch monopitch roof or a shallow pitch gable roof covered with profiled asbestos cement sheets.
• External Walls: The walls are either stained or painted horizontal or vertical timber boarding or render.
• Porch: A timber porch is a common feature.
• Structure: The homes are constructed with timber frame panels lined internally with fibreboard on 1½” tongue and groove (T&G) timber boarding and clad externally with felt and 1″ vertical or horizontal timber boarding.

Construction Details

Substructure

The substructure of the Swedish Sectional Timber house consists of concrete strip footings carried up above ground level. This provides a stable and durable foundation for the timber frame structure.

External Walls

The external walls are constructed using 1- and 2-storey height timber frame panels. These panels are lined internally with fibreboard on 1½” T&G timber boarding and clad externally with felt and 1″ vertical or horizontal timber boarding. In some variants, the external walls are clad with ¾” vertical timber boarding and cement render on bitumen-impregnated fibreboard lathing.

Separating Wall

The separating walls between properties are made of timber frame panels lined on each side with 1½” T&G timber boarding and asbestos cement sheeting. This construction method provides both structural integrity and sound insulation between adjoining homes.

Partitions

Internal partitions are constructed using timber studs, which are a common feature in timber-framed houses. These partitions are typically lined with plasterboard or similar materials.

Floors

The ground floor consists of T&G timber boarding on timber joists, with paper insulation to the joists. The first and second floors are also constructed using T&G timber boarding on timber joists, providing a consistent and sturdy flooring system throughout the house.

Ceilings

Ceilings in Swedish Sectional Timber houses are typically made of fibreboard, which was a common material used during the period of construction.

Roof

The roof is constructed using asbestos cement profiled sheeting on timber rafters and purlins. Sawdust and lime insulation are used in the ceiling joists to provide thermal insulation.

Typical Hazards and Risks

Asbestos

One of the most significant hazards associated with Swedish Sectional Timber houses is the presence of asbestos. Asbestos cement sheeting is used in the roof and separating walls, posing a health risk if disturbed. It is crucial to have a professional asbestos survey conducted before any renovation or demolition work.

Timber Decay

Timber decay is another common issue in these homes. The timber frame and cladding can be susceptible to rot and insect infestation, particularly if the property has not been adequately maintained. Regular inspections and timely repairs are essential to prevent extensive damage.

Insulation and Energy Efficiency

The original insulation materials, such as sawdust and lime, may not meet modern energy efficiency standards. Upgrading the insulation can improve the property’s thermal performance and reduce energy costs.

Structural Integrity

Over time, the structural integrity of the timber frame can be compromised due to factors such as moisture ingress and timber decay. A thorough structural survey is recommended to assess the condition of the timber frame and identify any necessary repairs.

Defective Premises Act

The Swedish Sectional Timber house is not classified as defective under the Defective Premises Act. However, due to the age and construction methods of these properties, it is essential to conduct a detailed survey to identify any potential issues and ensure the property meets current building standards.

Inspection and Assessment Guide

Pre-Inspection Preparation

Before conducting an inspection, it is essential to gather as much information as possible about the property. This includes reviewing historical records, previous survey reports, and any available maintenance records. Understanding the typical construction methods and materials used in Swedish Sectional Timber houses will help identify potential issues during the inspection.

External Inspection

Roof

• Check for Asbestos: Inspect the roof for asbestos cement sheeting. Look for signs of damage or deterioration, such as cracks or broken sheets.
• Roof Structure: Assess the condition of the timber rafters and purlins. Look for signs of rot, insect infestation, or structural damage.

Walls

• Cladding: Examine the external timber cladding for signs of decay, warping, or damage. Check for gaps or loose boards that could allow moisture ingress.
• Render: If the property has rendered walls, inspect the render for cracks, bulging, or detachment from the underlying timber frame.

Porch

• Timber Condition: Assess the condition of the timber porch. Look for signs of rot, insect damage, or structural instability.

Internal Inspection

Walls

• Internal Lining: Inspect the internal fibreboard lining for signs of damage, such as cracks, bulging, or detachment.
• Separating Walls: Check the condition of the separating walls, particularly the asbestos cement sheeting. Look for signs of damage or deterioration.

Floors

• Ground Floor: Assess the condition of the T&G timber boarding and timber joists. Look for signs of rot, warping, or structural damage.
• Upper Floors: Inspect the T&G timber boarding and timber joists on the first and second floors. Check for signs of wear, damage, or structural issues.

Ceilings

• Fibreboard: Examine the fibreboard ceilings for signs of damage, such as cracks, bulging, or detachment. Check for evidence of moisture ingress or staining.

Structural Assessment

• Timber Frame: Conduct a thorough assessment of the timber frame. Look for signs of rot, insect infestation, or structural damage. Pay particular attention to areas where the timber frame meets the ground, as these are more susceptible to moisture-related issues.
• Foundation: Inspect the concrete strip footings for signs of cracking, settlement, or other structural issues. Ensure the footings provide adequate support for the timber frame.

Insulation and Energy Efficiency

• Insulation Materials: Assess the condition and effectiveness of the original insulation materials, such as sawdust and lime. Consider upgrading the insulation to modern standards to improve energy efficiency.
• Thermal Performance: Conduct a thermal imaging survey to identify areas of heat loss and assess the overall thermal performance of the property.

Typical Defects and Maintenance Tips

Common Defects

• Asbestos: As mentioned earlier, asbestos is a significant concern in Swedish Sectional Timber houses. Ensure any asbestos-containing materials are properly managed and, if necessary, removed by a licensed professional.
• Timber Decay: Regularly inspect the timber frame and cladding for signs of decay. Address any issues promptly to prevent further damage.
• Insulation: Upgrading the insulation can improve the property’s energy efficiency and reduce heating costs. Consider modern insulation materials that meet current building standards.
• Structural Issues: Regularly assess the structural integrity of the timber frame and foundation. Address any issues promptly to ensure the property remains safe and stable.

Maintenance Tips

• Regular Inspections: Conduct regular inspections of the property to identify and address any issues promptly. This includes checking the roof, walls, floors, and structural elements.
• Moisture Management: Ensure the property is adequately protected from moisture ingress. This includes maintaining the roof, cladding, and foundation to prevent water damage.
• Pest Control: Implement a pest control plan to protect the timber frame from insect infestation. Regularly inspect the property for signs of pests and address any issues promptly.
• Energy Efficiency: Consider upgrading the insulation and heating systems to improve the property’s energy efficiency. This can reduce heating costs and improve the overall comfort of the home.

Conclusion

The Swedish Sectional Timber house is a unique and historically significant property type in the UK. These homes, built between 1937 and 1947, offer a glimpse into the innovative construction methods used during a period of significant housing shortages. While these properties have their challenges, such as asbestos and timber decay, they can be well-maintained and upgraded to meet modern standards.

When considering the purchase of a Swedish Sectional Timber house, it is essential to conduct a thorough survey to identify any potential issues and ensure the property meets current building standards. Regular maintenance and timely repairs can help preserve the structural integrity and value of these unique homes.

At Flettons, we’re committed to safeguarding your investment. When considering a property purchase, trust our seasoned expertise to reveal any hidden threats. For a thorough building survey, get your instant quote through our quote calculator or reach out directly at 0203 691 0451. Your home’s safety is our top priority.